I would say no.
While they both share the same lug pattern (5x4.5"), there is quite a bit of difference in just the tire specs.
A 235/65/15 tire is 27" diameter x 9-1/4" wide (Ranger?)
A 245/75/16 tire is 30-1/2" diameter x 9-5/8" wide (Explorer?)
Also, a 15" rim will most likely not clear the calipers/rotors of a vehicle designed for 16" rims, so while the smaller tires might clear the wheel well, the rim will not clear the brakes.
I would be concerned with tire clearance mounting the larger tires on the vehicle designed for the smaller ones. That's over a 3" difference. So while the larger rim will clear the brakes designed for a smaller rim, the tire may not clear the wheel wells and or suspension components.
Then backspacing and offset need to be considered as well. Are these both OEM rims?