Yay, another person who is going to attempt to give me a physics or engineering lesson based on their butt dyno or what they have learned from the internet.
There is evidence. Plenty of it. There are plenty of before/after dyno tests on Explorers and other 4.0L vehicles showing improvements. Some are questionable, sure, but overall even common sense would indicate that making an engine breathe better would produce an improvement.
Links. Common sense may not be as common as you think. Yes, making an engine breathe better can produce an improvement, but usually not as much or not the same improvement as you think, and some things can hurt it.
The difference between winter and summer is rather slight, if there is one. However, there is a drop in power on very hot days, especially in traffic when the intake sucks hot engine air. This effect is for the most part not an issue, since once the vehicle is moving, the hot engine air is vented and is about the same temperature as the air outside the engine compartment. It's not about 'cold air' so much as it is the amount of air. A 4.0L is a pretty big engine, and can suck in more air than the square filter can adequately flow, otherwise a cone filter would do nothing. It's been proven time and time again that the stock Explorer airbox IS a bottleneck, mostly due to it's design being a function of fitting it into the engine comparement rather than for the best possible airflow.
That little square filter can easily flow 450 cfm. Besides, even if that box could only flow 300 cfm, making it flow more won't make any difference in power until the engine needs more than 300 cfm, which is going to be at higher RPMs and therefore not make much if any difference at lower RPMs. As long as you aren't flowing so little air you create pumping inefficiencies you are golden. Plus, as I have said before, that intake pipe between the MAF and the intake manifold is a pretty big restriction that negates a lot of what you would gain from a free flowing air filter setup. Here is a hint by the way, the engine needs exponentially more air flow as the RPMs rise, so increases in air flow do less and less as the engine demands more air flow.
Sure, using basic math can tell you that. (Displacement x RPM / 2) The exhaust manifold can flow the entire exhaust volume, of course. Up to a point. 2.25" pipe flows ~457 cfm, regardless of the speed of the vehicle.
I was talking what volume of exhaust at what speed of the exhaust.... When you are determining exhaust flow, you are not just looking for cubic feet per minute, you are looking at the velocity of the exhaust charge as it relates to the scavenging effect of the exhaust. Where do you think the backpressure myth came from? People don't take into account the velocity of the exhaust.
Now anyways, since that is not an exact formula anyways as it does not take into consideration pumping efficiency or volumetric efficiency of the engine, I don't know why you bother with it.
Now, continuing, you are also not taking into account thermal expansion or the increased laminar flow area as the exhaust system curves. This is why I said that the optimal size for exhaust piping on an explorer is somewhat between 2.25" and 2.5", for an exhaust system matched with a good set of headers. By the way, 2" pipe can flow ~457 cfm as well, the exhaust just has to be moving at a higher velocity. You tune your exhaust system based on the average exhaust velocity you see existing your ports and headers to maximize scavenging at whatever volume of exhaust you are flowing at the specific RPM you want to operate at. This isn't just a bigger is better sport. This isn't even a one size fits all sport.
Still, you forget, you must also overcome the flow (volume and velocity) limitations of the stock manifold. Going larger on the pipe after the manifold can hurt you quicker than you think.
It's okay, all of us enjoying the additional power and torque that come with basic mods like an intake and exhaust are having great fun over those of you who want to stick with your stock system.
How bout some proof. Don't get me wrong, I plan on doing some of those basic mods and a few other breathing mods... but only in the interest of fuel economy. Therefore I am perfectly happy tuning for cruising RPMs instead of putting on exhaust that will give me a minor improvement at WOT.
5 Horsepower? You must be tuning some really poorly maintained engines. There was a jump in horsepower and torque on mine, though I was surprised since I half expected the torque to go down slightly. There might have been a slight decrease in the 500-700 RPM range, or that might just be because the torque above that was increased. It depends on the OEM parts. Putting on a 2" stock exhaust and restrictive muffler would give a pretty negative change. Putting on a 2.25" mandel pipe and good flowing muffler would give an improvement in airflow. This is pretty basic stuff.
You obviously don't know what you are talking about now.... You think that more than a 3% improvement in horsepower is nothing? You think something as simple as an air filter and a muffler is going to give you much more than that? Hell, you are lucky to see that large of a percentage improvement on larger engines when you are adding headers and full intake/exhaust mods. Why don't you tell me about your experience with tuning engines? Pretty basic stuff huh? Maybe you should try and spend some time around a dyno or tuning cars before you tell me about basic stuff. I've been doing it for more than a decade.
It depends on the OEM-style system you have. What brand? Walker? ROL? Midas? Mineke? Different configurations flow differently. A lot of aftermarket replacement systems flow more than the stock muffler and pipe. I'm not betting you anything, but I can guarantee that if you had a stock truck with a 2" pipe and 2" muffler choking the exhaust flow, and put on a 2.25" muffler and 2.25" mandrel bent pipe, it'd make a noticeable improvement.
Goerlich oem replacement style muffler on pipe bent according to OEM specifications... If you don't want to put up, then shut up. Besides, if you are so certain you are right, then you obviously have nothing to lose....
Which cold air intakes are $300? The KKM is under $100. You're right about the heads though, the 4.0L has poor airflow because of their design, so porting them is one of the biggest improvements to airflow, along with the headers. A cam and other stuff is only useful if you want more power and torque at a higher RPM. All combined you can get well over a 20HP improvement, but it winds up being at such a high RPM it's not always a desireable improvement in terms of driveability. I'd say the 4.0L is best improved with minor mods like an intake and cat-back, which give a bump to performance, without getting expensive or going beyond practical or cost effective. But there are people who like these motors enough to go all out and modify them, so it's still interesting to see what can be done.
He was confused by my original post. He misunderstood me when I said the $300, he didn't understand that that included the price of doing catback system with mandrel bends.