Well,
either the torque converter is not locking, or, the truck is straining against something, which is causing the excessive engine speed.
I had an issue a while back which was eliminated through tuning. Keep in mind My engine is modified, and I am using different maf sensor. My issue was induced.
However-bringing back the point, my torque converter would quit locking after the truck went through a few bouts of surging. The only indication I had was high rpms at cruising speed. There were no codes at all.
A reset of the PCM would "cure" it for awhile.
I haven't had the issue arise since James fixed it.
However-it does make a point. The torque converter can fail to lock without setting a code.
It would be interesting to log data with an xcal2 to see the torque converter lockup command, and if it is indeed happening.
Now
Going deeper
The Maf sensor can mess with transmission functions-you might try cleaning it-and resetting the pcm again.??
Another thought would be to check the TPS for a smooth signal